Mekelle፡Telaviv, Nairobi, Pretoria, London,March 17፡2025 (Tigray Herald)
Strategic Policy Document
“The Algiers Agreement: Dead and Buried — Eritrea’s Sovereign Legitimacy is Null and Void
Due to Violations of Ethiopian Territorial Integrity”
Prepared By:
Horn of Africa Geopolitical Review (HAGR)
In collaboration with leading regional and international political, security, and diplomatic experts Executive Summary
The 2000 Algiers Agreement, which officially ended the Ethiopia-Eritrea border war and
established the Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission (EEBC), has been fundamentally
violated and rendered legally null and void due to the continued illegal occupation and
aggression of the genocidal Eritrean regime led by dictator Isaias Afwerki.
Eritrea’s illegal invasion and occupation of sovereign Ethiopian territories, particularly in
Northwestern, Northern, and Eastern Tigray, not only breach the core principles of the Algiers Agreement but also constitute a blatant violation of international law and Ethiopia’s territorial sovereignty.
“The Algiers Agreement: Dead and Buried — Eritrea’s Sovereign Legitimacy is Null and Void
Due to Violations of Ethiopian Territorial Integrity”
The Ethiopian Federal Government, therefore, must take a bold and strategic position by
officially declaring to the international community that the Algiers Agreement is legally dismantled due to Eritrea’s continued aggression and occupation of Ethiopian territories.
This strategic policy document provides a comprehensive framework for Ethiopia’s diplomatic, legal, and security approach to delegitimize the Eritrean state and mobilize global action against the Isaias Afwerki dictatorship.
I. Historical Context and Eritrea’s Violations of the Algiers Agreement
- The Algiers Agreement and the Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission (EEBC):
Signed in December 2000 to officially end hostilities and establish the EEBC to demarcate the
border.
Ethiopia accepted the ruling with reservations, while Eritrea manipulated the agreement to
justify further aggression against Ethiopia, particularly targeting the Tigray region.
- Eritrea’s’s Direct Violations of the Agreement:
The illegal military invasion and occupation of Tigray during the 2020-2022 genocidal war.
Ongoing presence of Eritrean forces in Ethiopian sovereign territories, violating international law
and the United Nations Charter on territorial integrity.
Committing war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide in Tigray, which nullifies Eritrea’s legitimacy as a sovereign state under international law.
- Nullification of the Algiers Agreement:
Eritrea’s aggression fundamentally breaches the core legal principles of the agreement.Under international law, a treaty becomes void when one party violates its fundamental
obligations.
Eritrea’s illegal occupation of Ethiopian territories and involvement in genocide render the Algiers Agreement “Dead and Buried” and effectively strip Eritrea of its sovereign status as a legitimate state actor II. Strategic Policy Recommendations for the Ethiopian Federal Government
- Official Declaration of the Nullification of the Algiers Agreement:
The Ethiopian Federal Government must formally declare to the United Nations, African Union,European Union, and the international community that the Algiers Agreement is legally dismantled due to Eritrea’s violation of Ethiopian sovereignty.
Demand the immediate dissolution of the Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission (EEBC) and revoke any international recognition of Eritrea’s territorial claims based on the agreement.
- Officially Declare Eritrea as an Illegitimate Rogue State:
Lead an international diplomatic campaign to delegitimize the Eritrean state under Isaias
Afwerki.
Initiate international legal action against Eritrean military and political leaders for war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in Tigray.
- Mobilize International Sanctions and Diplomatic Isolation Against Eritrea:
Urge the U.S., EU, and UN Security Council to impose targeted economic and military sanctions
on the Eritrean regime.
Call for Eritrea’s suspension from the African Union and all international forums.
- Military and Security Strategy to Expel Eritrean Forces from Occupied Ethiopian Territories:
Strengthen the Ethiopian Federal Army and Tigray Defense Forces (TDF) joint operations to militarily expel Eritrean forces from occupied Tigray territories.
Increase intelligence operations to disrupt Eritrea’s covert destabilization activities within
Ethiopia.
- Establish an Independent International Inquiry into Eritrea’s War Crimes in Tigray:Demand a UN-led independent commission to investigate Eritrea’s crimes against humanity and
genocide in Tigray.
Hold Isaias Afwerki and top Eritrean military generals accountable under international law.
III. Ethiopia’s Official Declaration to the International Community
“The Ethiopian Federal Government officially declares that the Algiers Agreement is null and void due to Eritrea’s continuous military aggression and illegal occupation of Ethiopian territories.
The genocidal Eritrean regime under dictator Isaias Afwerki has lost its sovereign
legitimacy by violating international law and committing war crimes and genocide in Tigray.
Therefore, Ethiopia calls upon the United Nations, the African Union, the European Union, and the United States to officially recognize the Eritrean regime as a terrorist rogue state and impose comprehensive sanctions until the regime is dismantled.”
IV. Strategic Diplomatic Roadmap for Ethiopia’s National Security and Regional Stability
Strategic Action International Partner Objective
Official nullification of Algiers Agreement UN, AU, EU, U.S. Legally delegitimize Eritrea
International sanctions on Eritrea U.S.
Congress, EU Parliament Isolate Eritrea
economically and militarily Independent investigation into Eritrea’s war crimes UN Human Rights Council Hold Isaias
Afwerki accountable Military operation to expel Eritrean forces Tigray Defense Forces (TDF), Ethiopian Federal Army Restore Ethiopian territorial sovereignty Regional anti-Eritrean alliance Sudan, Somalia, Djibouti Isolate Eritrea diplomatically and militarily
V. Powerful Strategic Narrative Titles
“The Death of the Algiers Agreement: Ethiopia’s Declaration of Eritrea as a Rogue State”
“The Illegitimate Eritrean Regime: A Genocidal State that Lost its Sovereignty by Violating
Ethiopian Territorial Integrity”
“Dead and Buried: The Algiers Agreement is Null and Void — Ethiopia’s New Geopolitical
Offensive Against Eritrea’s Dictatorship”
Conclusion
The Ethiopian Federal Government stands at a historic turning point to protect its national
sovereignty and security by officially declaring the Algiers Agreement null and void due to
Eritrea’s illegal occupation of Ethiopian territories. By taking bold legal and diplomatic actions, Ethiopia can lead the international community in isolating the Isaias Afwerki regime and holding it accountable for crimes against humanity and genocide in Tigray.
Ethiopia’s strategic policy shift will not only restore territorial sovereignty but also reposition Ethiopia as a dominant geopolitical force in the Horn of Africa, while effectively dismantling the Eritrean dictatorship and paving the way for regional stability and peace.
Document Authored By:
Horn of Africa Geopolitical Review (HAGR)
In collaboration with leading international political, security, and diplomatic experts
